Background and objectives: The vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy has been associated with adverse events during pregnancy and the postnatal child development. In this study we examined plasma levels of vitamin D [25(OH)D3] and factors associated with plasma deficiency and insufficiency in pregnant women in northern Spain.
Methods: We analyzed data from 453 pregnant women participating in the INMA-Asturias cohort in which was determined 25(OH)D3 by high resolution liquid chromatography.Dietary intake of vitamin D was estimated through a food frequency validated questionnaire. We estimated the prevalence of deficiency [25(OH)D3 <20 ng/ml] and insufficiency [20 to 29.9 ng / ml] of vitamin D and analyzed the distribution of 25(OH)D3 per month extraction and other factors.
Results: The mean concentration of 25(OH)D3 was 27.7 ng/ml (range 6.4 to 69.5). 27.4% of pregnant women had deficient levels and 35.3% inssuficient. Levels of 25(OH)D3 were higher in the summer months (median 34.1 ng/ml). There was a higher percentage of deficiency in pregnant women with overweight/obesity (34.5%) and under 25 years (47.8%). The average daily intake of vitamin D was 5.48 mg / day (SD 2.82 range 1.09 to 32.52).Intake during the months of October to May was associated with levels of 25(OH)D3. 8.6% reported taking supplements of vitamin D.
Conclusions: We detected a high proportion of pregnant women with deficient or insufficient vitamin D levels, especially in the months of October to May, in pregnant women with overweight and obesity, and the youngest.
Introducción y objetivos: El déficit de vitamina D durante el embarazo se ha relacionado con sucesos adversos durante la gestación y con el desarrollo infantil postnatal. En este estudio examinamos los niveles plasmáticos de vitamina D [25(OH)D3] y los factores asociados a su deficiencia e insuficiencia plasmática en embarazadas del norte de España. Material y método: Se han analizado los datos de 453 gestantes participantes en la cohorte INMA-Asturias a las que se determinó la 25(OH)D3 mediante cromatografía líquida de alta resolución. Se ha estimado la ingesta dietética de vitamina D mediante un cuestionario de frecuencia alimentaria validado. Se han estimado las prevalencias de deficiencia [25(OH)D3.
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