A Method for Detecting the Deterioration in the Shock Absorption Capability of Mouthguards

Int J Sports Med. 2015 Jul;36(8):684-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1398655. Epub 2015 Mar 11.

Abstract

Objective methods for mechanical assessment of mouthguards used for a prolonged period of time are currently unavailable. The aim of this experimental study was to establish a quantitative method for assessing the preventive effect of mouthguards. 10 participants volunteered for this study. Impact loads were simulated by dropping a 250-g steel rod from a height of 100 mm onto upper front teeth of 10 custom ethylene vinyl acetate mouthguards fixed to a steel receiving rod. The mean output from load cells equilaterally placed between plates at the base of the apparatus was measured as the impact pressure (N). Its attenuation ratio (%) was calculated as the ratio of the difference in impact pressures without and with a mouthguard to impact pressure without a mouthguard. Impact pressure with mouthguard was approximately 60% of that without mouthguard in all cases. Intraclass correlations showed excellent intra-rater and inter-rater reliability for attenuation ratio (0.98 and 0.94, respectively). Bland-Altman plots indicated lack of systematic bias. The results suggest that attenuation ratio of impact pressure calculated by the proposed method is a valid criterion for assessing the preventive effect of mouthguards. The method may enable early detection of mouthguard deterioration and their timely replacement.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Equipment Design*
  • Equipment Failure Analysis / methods*
  • Humans
  • Mouth Protectors*
  • Pressure
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sports
  • Stress, Mechanical
  • Weight-Bearing