β-Arrestin2 Contributes to Cell Viability and Proliferation via the Down-Regulation of FOXO1 in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

J Cell Physiol. 2015 Oct;230(10):2371-81. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24963.

Abstract

β-Arrestin2 has been identified to act as a corepressor of androgen receptor (AR) signaling by binding to AR and serving as a scaffold to affect the activity and expression of AR in androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells; however, little is known regarding its role in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) progression. Here, our data demonstrated that β-arrestin2 contributes to the cell viability and proliferation of CRPC via the downregulation of FOXO1 activity and expression. Mechanistically, in addition to its requirement for FOXO1 phosphorylation induced by IGF-1, β-arrestin2 could inhibit FOXO1 activity in an Akt-independent manner and delay FOXO1 dephosphorylation through the inhibition of PP2A phosphatase activity and the attenuation of the interaction between FOXO1 and PP2A. Furthermore, β-arrestin2 could downregulate FOXO1 expression via ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. Together, our results identified a novel role for β-arrestin2 in the modulation of the CRPC progress through FOXO1. Thus, the characterization of β-arrestin2 may represent an alternative therapeutic target for CRPC treatment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Androgens / metabolism
  • Arrestins / metabolism*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / physiology*
  • Cell Survival / genetics
  • Down-Regulation / physiology
  • Forkhead Box Protein O1
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / genetics*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / physiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / genetics
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Androgen / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / physiology
  • beta-Arrestins

Substances

  • Androgens
  • Arrestins
  • FOXO1 protein, human
  • Forkhead Box Protein O1
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors
  • Receptors, Androgen
  • beta-Arrestins