Background: Feeding practices among young children are not optimal in Indonesia. Improving these practices is crucial to prevent and reduce malnutrition among young children. A better understanding of the underlying factors to appropriate practices is essential to address barriers and identify opportunities to optimal practices. This paper aims to shed light on potential determinants of feeding practices among children above 6 months of age.
Methods: A systematic research of several databases using combinations of different search terms: feeding, child, Indonesia, MPASI/complementary food, gizi/nutrition, factor, determinant, praktek/practices was conducted. All documents were reviewed using a three-step procedure to assess content appropriateness and research quality. Data were analyzed using the Hector's framework on behaviour change.
Results: Available data on individual factors influencing feeding practices related mainly to mother's attributes, namely knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, beliefs and skills. Some of them are positively linked to good practices. Some environmental-related factors such as health services, home and peer environment were conducive to improved practices. Studies on societal factors were mostly restricted to food systems which do not favour optimal feeding practices.
Conclusions: The review provides insights on underlying factors conducive to optimal feeding practices. Yet, relevant and quality research is required to get a better understanding on factors related to the environment and society as well as on how they are related with each other and operate in different contexts. Indonesia has already experimented successful programs which can be used as a reference to strengthen young child feeding practices.
背景：印度尼西亚幼儿的喂养方式不是最优的。改善这些喂养方式对预防和 降低幼儿营养不良至关重要。更好地了解合适喂养方式的潜在因素对解决最佳 喂养方式中的障碍和找准最佳实践机会是必需的。本文旨在探讨6 个月以上儿 童喂养方式的潜在决定因素。方法：使用不同的搜索词组合在多个数据库中 进行文献检索，搜索词有：喂养、儿童、印度尼西亚、MPASI/辅食、gizi/营 养、因子、决定因素和praktek/方式。用三个步骤来审查所有文献内容的适当 性和研究质量。行为改变数据是用Hector 框架分析的。结果：现有数据中影 响喂养方式的个体因素主要是妈妈的属性，即知识、观念、态度、信念和技 能。他们中的一些与好的喂养方式正相关。一些环境相关的因素，比如医疗服 务、家庭和同伴环境有利于改善喂养方式。对社会因素的研究大多限于食物系 统，这不利于最优的喂养方式。结论：本综述提供了有利于最佳喂养方式的 潜在因素的见解。然而，相关性和质量研究需要更好地了解环境和社会相关因 素，以及它们之间的相互作用和在不同的背景下的运作。印度尼西亚已经有试 验成功的项目，这些项目可以作为参考来加强幼儿喂养方式。