Background: In Indonesia, 37% of children under-five are stunted, 12% wasted and 12% overweight. Adequate feeding practices among children above 6 months of age are critical to tackle malnutrition. National surveys have been conducted to assess feeding practices but these aggregates hide geographic disparities. While several studies have been conducted in specific country locations to address this gap, no attempt has been made to reconcile available information. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the literature on feeding practices among Indonesian children above six months of age.
Methods: A literature search was conducted in several databases using combinations of different search terms: feeding, child, Indonesia, MPASI/complementary feeding, gizi/nutrition, factor, determinant, praktek/practices. All documents were reviewed using a three-step procedure to assess content appropriateness and research quality. Available information was analyzed using current recommendations on feeding practices.
Results: Dietary diversity, consumption of iron-rich foods, active feeding and hygiene practices were among the non-optimal feeding practices. Consequently dietary intakes are not fulfilled for several micronutrients. Some feeding practices are worst in younger children. Differences between data from national and site-specific surveys are noted. Overall quality of the surveys needs to be strengthened.
Conclusions: Generally, child feeding practices are not optimal. Indicators used to assess components of child feeding vary and make inter-survey comparisons challenging. The results also stress the need to investigate the underlying factors to optimal child feeding practices. The results may be used for advocacy of additional resource allocation for effective child feeding promotion programs.
背景：在印度尼西亚，五岁以下儿童发育迟缓占37%，虚弱和超重分别为 12%。六个月以上儿童适当的喂养方式是解决营养不良的关键。全国性的调查 已对喂养方式进行了评估，但这种集合数据隐含着地域差异。为了解决这一差 异，虽然在特定的农村进行了一些研究，但没有尝试对现有信息的校正。本研 究旨在为印度尼西亚六个月以上儿童喂养方式提供一个全面的文献综述。方 法：使用不同的搜索词组合在多个数据库中进行文献检索，搜索词有：喂 养、儿童、印度尼西亚、MPASI/辅食、gizi/营养、因子、决定因素和praktek/ 方式。用三个步骤来审查所有文献内容的适当性和研究质量。使用目前推荐的 喂养方式分析了现有的信息。结果：膳食多样性、富含铁食物的消费、积极 的喂养和卫生习惯并非最优的喂养方式之一，因此膳食摄入不能满足多种微量 营养素。幼儿中存在一些最差的喂养方式。说明来自国家和特定地区的普查之 间存在差别，普查的整体质量有待加强。结论：概括来说，儿童的喂养方式 不是最优的。用于评价儿童喂养成分的指标的不一致使得不同普查之间的比较 具有挑战性。结果还强调有必要调查最优儿童喂养方式的潜在因素。该结果可 用于有效幼儿喂养推广计划额外的资源分配的宣传。