The aim of this updated systematic review is to summarize the evidence of the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) on non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Publications of meta-analysis up to August 2014 were systematically searched from PubMed, the Cochrane and EMBASE databases. N-3 PUFAs have the following beneficial effects; cardio-protective effects, reduce ischemic stroke risk in both men and women and total stroke risk in women, increase insulin sensitivity in Asians, decrease risk of breast cancer and colorectal cancer in men. However, n-3 PUFAs may have unfavourable effects on type 2 diabetes in Caucasians. In conclusion, n-3 PUFA plays a crucial role in the prevention of NCDs, however, unfavourable effects should be considered in subjects with certain clinical conditions. Cross-cultural studies on the effect of n-3 PUFA on type 2 diabetes are needed to verify why diabetic patients with different ancestries have a different response to n-3 PUFA.
此更新的系统综述的目的是总结 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸对非传染性疾病影响的证 据。从PubMed、 the Cochrane 和EMBASE 数据库系统检索了截止2014 年8 月底前发表的荟萃分析。 N-3 多不饱和脂肪酸具有以下有益效果：心脏保护 作用，降低男性和女性缺血性脑卒中的风险以及女性总脑卒中风险，增加亚洲 人对胰岛素的敏感性，降低男性患乳腺癌和结肠癌的风险。但是，n- 3 多不饱 和脂肪酸对白种人的2 型糖尿病会产生不利影响。总之， n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸 在预防非传染性疾病方面起非常重要的作用。但是，对某些人群的临床情况应 考虑他的不利影响。n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸对2 型糖尿病的影响需要通过跨文化 研究以验证为什么不同血统的糖尿病患者对n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸的应答不同。