Incarceration and perinatal smoking: a missed public health opportunity

J Epidemiol Community Health. 2015 Jul;69(7):648-53. doi: 10.1136/jech-2014-204820. Epub 2015 Feb 19.

Abstract

Background: Incarceration is simultaneously a public health opportunity and a public health concern. We examined the association between maternal/partner incarceration in the year prior to birth and perinatal smoking.

Methods: We pooled 2006-2010 data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System. Controlling for age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status and other stressors, we assessed prevalence and heaviness of perinatal smoking.

Findings: Women who reported incarceration of themselves or their partners in the year prior to delivery were more likely to smoke during the last trimester of pregnancy (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.51 (95% CI 1.36 to 1.67)), and they were more likely to smoke more than 10 cigarettes a day compared to smokers who did not report incarceration (AOR 1.35 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.65)). Patterns were similar for the 3 months prior to pregnancy and postbirth smoking.

Conclusions: Incarceration of a parent in the 12 months before birth is associated with increased risk of fetal and newborn exposure to smoking. The criminal justice system can be utilised by public health practitioners to target perinatal smoking reduction interventions.

Keywords: Health inequalities; PERINATAL; PREGNANCY; SMOKING; SOCIAL FACTORS IN.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Educational Status
  • Female
  • Health Services Accessibility / standards
  • Health Services Accessibility / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Infant Health / statistics & numerical data
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Marital Status
  • Maternal-Fetal Exchange / drug effects*
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnant Women / psychology
  • Prisoners / psychology
  • Prisoners / statistics & numerical data*
  • Sexual Partners
  • Smoking / adverse effects
  • Smoking / epidemiology*
  • Smoking / psychology
  • Stress, Psychological / epidemiology
  • Stress, Psychological / etiology*
  • Stress, Psychological / psychology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Tobacco Smoke Pollution / adverse effects
  • Tobacco Smoke Pollution / statistics & numerical data*
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Tobacco Smoke Pollution