Detergent sclerosants are deactivated and consumed by circulating blood cells

D E Connor; O Cooley-Andrade; W X Goh; D D F Ma; K Parsi

doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2014.12.029

Detergent sclerosants are deactivated and consumed by circulating blood cells

Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2015 Apr;49(4):426-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2014.12.029. Epub 2015 Feb 14.

Authors

D E Connor¹, O Cooley-Andrade², W X Goh², D D F Ma³, K Parsi⁴

Affiliations

¹ Dermatology, Phlebology and Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Haematology Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
² Dermatology, Phlebology and Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
³ The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Haematology Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
⁴ Dermatology, Phlebology and Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: kparsi@stvincents.com.au.

PMID: 25686663
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2014.12.029

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the deactivating effects of circulating blood cells on the lytic activity of detergent sclerosants.

Methods: Samples of whole blood (WB), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and isolated leukocytes were incubated with various concentrations of sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) or polidocanol (POL) and added to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), which were then counted using a fluorescent plate reader. Full blood counting was performed using a hematology analyzer. Platelet lysis and microparticle formation was assessed using lactadherin binding in flow cytometry.

Results: Detergent sclerosant activity was decreased in WB when compared with plasma and saline controls. The sclerosant lytic activity on endothelial cells was increased 23-fold for STS and 59-fold for POL in saline controls compared with WB. At high concentrations, sclerosants lysed erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. Platelets were more sensitive to the lytic activity of sclerosants than other cell types. Neutrophils were the most susceptible of all leukocytes to the lytic activity of sclerosants. The presence of erythrocytes and leukocytes in samples decreased the lytic activity of sclerosants. Sclerosants at all concentrations induced erythrocyte-derived microparticle formation.

Conclusions: Detergent sclerosants are consumed and deactivated by circulating blood cells. This deactivating effect is above and beyond the neutralizing effects of plasma proteins and contributes to the overall neutralizing effect of blood. Different blood cell types exhibited varying levels of vulnerability to the lytic activity of sclerosants with platelets being the most and erythrocytes the least vulnerable (platelets > leukocytes > erythrocytes).

Keywords: Cell lysis; Cell-derived microparticles; Detergent sclerosants; Neutralization.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Blood Cells / drug effects*
Blood Coagulation / drug effects*
Cells, Cultured
Detergents / pharmacology*
Flow Cytometry / methods
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / drug effects
Humans
Polidocanol
Polyethylene Glycols / pharmacology*
Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate / pharmacology*

Substances

Detergents
Polidocanol
Polyethylene Glycols
Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate