Urinary tract infections in the infant

Clin Perinatol. 2015 Mar;42(1):17-28, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2014.10.003. Epub 2014 Dec 24.

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) in an infant may be the first indication of an underlying renal disorder. Early recognition and initiation of adequate therapy for UTI is important to reduce the risk of long-term renal scarring. Ampicillin and gentamicin are traditionally the empiric treatment of choice; however, local antibiotic resistance patterns should be considered. Maternal antibiotics during pregnancy also increase the risk of resistant pathogens during neonatal UTI. Long-term management after the first UTI in infants remains controversial because of lack of specific studies in this age group and the risk-benefit issues for antibiotic prophylaxis between reduced recurrent disease and emergent antibiotic resistance.

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Escherichia coli; Infants; Renal imaging; Urinary tract infection; Vesicoureteral reflux.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Antibiotic Prophylaxis
  • Candidiasis / drug therapy*
  • Candidiasis / etiology
  • Circumcision, Male
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial*
  • Escherichia coli Infections / drug therapy*
  • Escherichia coli Infections / etiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Premature
  • Male
  • Urinary Tract Infections / drug therapy*
  • Urinary Tract Infections / etiology
  • Urinary Tract Infections / microbiology
  • Urogenital Abnormalities / complications
  • Urogenital Abnormalities / diagnosis
  • Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / complications
  • Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / diagnosis*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents