Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is associated with the incidence of congestive heart failure. We evaluated the association between CAC and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in elderly patients without coronary artery disease. Coronary computed tomography was performed in 1,021 consecutive patients >55 years of age who were suspected of having coronary artery disease. A total of 530 patients (age, 70 ± 8 years; 56 % men) with a LV ejection fraction >50 % and without obstructive coronary artery disease and a history of coronary artery disease were included in the analysis. LVDD was defined according to a standard algorithm by echocardiography (septal e' <8, lateral e' <10, and left atrial volume index ≥34 mL/m(2)). A total of 224 of 530 patients had LVDD. CAC scores in patients with LVDD were higher than those in patients without LVDD (p < 0.01). The prevalence of LVDD in patients with CAC scores ≥400 was greater than that in patients with CAC scores of 0-9 (58 vs. 34 %, p < 0.01). After adjustment for confounding factors, the CAC score was associated with LVDD, with an odds ratio of 1.96 (95 % confidence interval: 1.11-3.43, p = 0.02) for a CAC score ≥400 compared with a CAC score of 0-9. A CAC score ≥400 was associated with LVDD in elderly patients without CAD in this population. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate the clinical relevance of CAC as a risk of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
Keywords: Computed tomography; Coronary artery calcification; Heart failure; Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.