Vaccine hesitancy among parents of adolescents and its association with vaccine uptake

Vaccine. 2015 Mar 30;33(14):1748-55. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.01.068. Epub 2015 Feb 7.

Abstract

Background: Addressing parental vaccine hesitancy may increase adolescent vaccination acceptance. However, no validated measure exists to identify parents hesitant toward adolescent vaccines.

Objective: To determine if a modified version of the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) survey, a previously validated tool to identify parental hesitancy toward vaccines in infants, predicts adolescent vaccine uptake at office visits.

Methods: We modified the PACV for use in the adolescent setting and distributed it to a convenience sample of parents of adolescents aged 11 to 17 presenting for care at a diverse group of six pediatric practices in Oklahoma and South Carolina. We determined the vaccination status of the parents' adolescents for 3 vaccines (Tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis [Tdap], meningococcal conjugate [MCV4], and human papillomavirus [HPV] vaccines). We used Fisher's exact tests to compare vaccination status with each survey item and with an overall general hesitancy scale that we constructed.

Results: We analyzed 363 surveys. At the time of the visit, vaccination coverage was 84% for Tdap, 73% for MCV, and 45% for any dose of HPV. Thirty-nine percent of parents expressed concern about vaccine efficacy and 41% expressed concern about side effects. Forty-five percent of parents disagreed with the statement that "teens can get all of the vaccines that are due at a single visit." Two individual items were associated with not receiving a dose of HPV vaccine that was due. The overall modified PACV score failed to predict adolescent vaccine uptake at an office visit.

Conclusion: Several individual items were associated with vaccine uptake. The cumulative modified PACV, a general measure of vaccine hesitancy, was not associated with vaccination status despite illuminating parental hesitancy. We need to better understand vaccine-specific concerns for the adolescent population.

Keywords: Adolescent; Hesitancy; Immunization; Parent; Vaccine.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Female
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*
  • Health Surveys
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Meningococcal Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Oklahoma
  • Papillomavirus Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Parents / psychology
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care*
  • South Carolina
  • Vaccination / psychology*

Substances

  • Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines
  • Meningococcal Vaccines
  • Papillomavirus Vaccines