Lipotransference is a technique that has evolved within the aesthetic and reconstructive surgery area to change body shape in the individual. However, it has been associated occasionally with infections of varying degrees of morbidity and mortality. We report two cases of patients who underwent abdominal and waist area lipotransference to buttocks, and who developed postoperative infection. Using polymerase chain reaction of DNA extracted from a tissue sample and from a culture, with subsequent sequencing, Mycobacterium chelonae and M. massiliense were identified as causative agents.