An alternatively spliced IL-15 isoform modulates abrasion-induced keratinocyte activation

J Invest Dermatol. 2015 May;135(5):1329-1337. doi: 10.1038/jid.2015.17. Epub 2015 Jan 23.

Abstract

In a routine phenotype-driven screen, we identified a point mutation in exon 7 of the IL-15 gene in Pedigree 191 (deficient memory (DM)) of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenized mice. The DM epidermis expressed an alternatively spliced IL-15 mRNA isoform, IL-15ΔE7, and a wild-type (WT) IL-15 isoform at comparable levels. Mechanical stimulation of DM skin or DM skin graft transplanted onto the WT host resulted in reduced keratinocyte activation and inhibition of neutrophil infiltration into the dermis, demonstrating that DM keratinocytes produced less inflammatory response to external stimulation. Ectopic expression of IL-15ΔE7 in WT skin prevented abrasion-induced epidermal thickening, blocked the accumulation of nuclear antigen Ki67(+) cells in the basal and the suprabasal cell layers, increased loricrin expression, and also increased keratinocyte CXCL1 and G-CSF production. IL-15ΔE7 also profoundly blocked neutrophil infiltration in SDS- or immiquimod (IMQ)-treated WT skin. Recombinant IL-15ΔE7 failed to activate STAT-5 and its downstream target bcl-2 expression. Our study points to IL-15ΔE7 as a potential therapeutic agent for treating neutrophilia-associated inflammatory skin disorders.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alternative Splicing / genetics
  • Alternative Splicing / physiology*
  • Animals
  • Cell Movement / physiology
  • Cell Proliferation / physiology
  • Chemokine CXCL1 / metabolism
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / metabolism
  • Interleukin-15 / genetics
  • Interleukin-15 / metabolism*
  • Keratinocytes / metabolism*
  • Keratinocytes / pathology*
  • Male
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Neutrophils / pathology
  • Point Mutation / genetics
  • Protein Isoforms / genetics
  • Protein Isoforms / metabolism
  • Psoriasis / metabolism*
  • Psoriasis / pathology*
  • Stress, Mechanical*

Substances

  • Chemokine CXCL1
  • Cxcl1 protein, mouse
  • Interleukin-15
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Protein Isoforms
  • loricrin
  • Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor