Efficient generation of T2*-weighted contrast by interslice echo-shifting for human functional and anatomical imaging at 9.4 Tesla

Magn Reson Med. 2015 Dec;74(6):1698-704. doi: 10.1002/mrm.25570. Epub 2014 Dec 2.

Abstract

Purpose: Standard gradient-echo sequences are often prohibitively slow for T2*-weighted imaging as long echo times prolong the repetition time of the sequence. Echo-shifting offers a way out of this dilemma by allowing an echo time that exceeds the repetition time. The purpose of this work is to present a gradient-echo sequence that is optimized for multislice T2*-weighted imaging applications by combining echo-shifting with an interleaved slice excitation order.

Theory and methods: This combined approach offers two major advantages: First, it combines the advantages of both concepts, that is, echo time and pulse repetition time can be significantly increased without affecting scan time. Second, there is no echo-shifting related signal loss associated with this concept as only a single radiofrequency pulse is applied per pulse repetition time and slice.

Results: A 9.4 Tesla high-resolution T2*-weighted anatomical brain scan of the proposed sequence is compared to a standard gradient-echo. Furthermore, results from 9.4 Tesla blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments with an in-plane resolution of 0.8 × 0.8 mm(2) are presented.

Conclusion: The proposed sequence allows for efficient generation of T2*-weighted contrast by combining echo-shifting with an interleaved slice excitation order.

Keywords: T2*; echo‐shifting; fMRI; susceptibility‐weighted images; ultrahigh field.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Algorithms
  • Brain / anatomy & histology*
  • Brain / physiology*
  • Brain Mapping / methods*
  • Echo-Planar Imaging / methods*
  • Humans
  • Image Enhancement / methods*
  • Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Multimodal Imaging / methods
  • Oximetry / methods
  • Oxygen Consumption / physiology*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Signal-To-Noise Ratio