Acute iterative bronchospasm and "do not re-intubate" orders: sedation by an alpha-2 agonist combined with noninvasive ventilation

Am J Emerg Med. 2015 Jun;33(6):857.e3-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2014.11.053. Epub 2014 Dec 5.

Abstract

A male patient presented with bronchospasm and acute respiratory distress. The patient had presented 2 previous episodes of severe bronchospasm following abdominal surgery, leading twice to intubation, mechanical ventilation, and conventional sedation. As the patient positively rejected a third episode of intubation + mechanical ventilation, noninvasive ventilation (pressure support = 8 cm H₂O, positive end-expiratory pressure = 10 cm H₂O), inhaled therapy, and clonidine orally (≈ 4 μg/kg) were combined. Over 1 to 2 hours, the acute respiratory distress disappeared. Noninvasive ventilation was discontinued on the next morning (day 2). The patient was discharged from the critical care unit on day 3 on good condition but died at a later interval from iterative bronchospasm. Evidence-based documentation of the effects of alpha-2 agonists in the setting of acute bronchospasm in the emergency department or status asthmaticus in the critical care unit is awaited.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / administration & dosage
  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / therapeutic use*
  • Bronchial Spasm / therapy*
  • Clonidine / administration & dosage
  • Clonidine / therapeutic use*
  • Fatal Outcome
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Noninvasive Ventilation*
  • Recurrence
  • Retreatment

Substances

  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists
  • Clonidine