Supra-annular mitral valve implantation in very small children

J Card Surg. 2015 Feb;30(2):185-9. doi: 10.1111/jocs.12501. Epub 2014 Dec 29.

Abstract

Objective: Mitral valve replacement (MVR) is a surgical option when mitral valvuloplasty is not feasible/successful. This study reviews our experience with MVR in very young children.

Methods: From July 2004 to January 2014, seven children (mean age 13.3 ± 11.2 months; range 4 months to 35 months; mean body weight 6.0 ± 2.2 kg) underwent MVR with a mechanical prosthesis in the supra-annular position. To provide better exposure in the left atrium, we performed in all but one case a biatrial transeptal incision according to Guiraudon. Six patients had congenital defects of the mitral valve and one had rheumatic. Six patients had undergone previous cardiosurgical procedures.

Results: All patients were implanted with a CarboMedics (CarboMedics, Austin, TX, USA) mechanical prosthesis. Mean prosthesis size was 19.0 ± 3.1 mm (range 16 to 25). There were no cases of operative or late mortality. At follow-up (mean 67.1 ± 34.8 months; range 25 to 108 months) two patients (28.6%) required reoperation both for thrombotic pannus formation over the disc at two and three months from first operation, respectively; only in one case was replacement necessary.

Conclusion: Supra-annular MVR may be considered a feasible secondary surgical option in children with a small annulus when mitral valvuloplasty is unsuccessful or unsuitable. Early and mid-term outcomes are acceptable but complications are not uncommon, especially related to thrombotic events.

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Body Weight
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / methods*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Mitral Valve / abnormalities
  • Mitral Valve / surgery*
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / etiology
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / surgery*
  • Postoperative Complications
  • Reoperation / statistics & numerical data
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Thrombosis
  • Treatment Outcome