Glucose challenge test (50-g GCT) in detection of glucose metabolism disorders in peritoneal dialysis patients: preliminary study

Int Urol Nephrol. 2015 Apr;47(4):695-700. doi: 10.1007/s11255-014-0900-1. Epub 2014 Dec 25.

Abstract

Background: The aim was to evaluate the clinical utility of the oral glucose tolerance screening test (50-g GCT--glucose challenge test) for the detection of glucose metabolism disorders (GMD) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with normal fasting glucose levels.

Methods: The 50-g GCT was performed in 20 prevalent patients without history of diabetes before PD treatment onset, who had been on dialysis for a median time of 15.34 months. In addition, other indicators of glucose metabolism were measured: C-peptide, fasting insulin serum concentration, and the glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1c). The patients were prospectively followed for a median time of 25.8 months.

Results: 50-g GCT revealed GMD in 15 studied patients (75%)--impaired glucose tolerance in 11 patients (55%) and diabetes mellitus in four patients (20%). HbA1c and insulin resistance, estimated by homeostasis model assessment, were elevated in two (10%) and seven (35%) patients, respectively. In patients with GMD, dietetic and pharmacologic interventions were performed. When the 50-g GCT was repeated at the end of the observation period, 12 (60%) patients reported GMD, with no case of diabetes.

Conclusion: 50-g GCT appears to be a simple and practical tool for the detection of GMD in PD patients with normal fasting glucose. Timely therapeutic intervention can effectively inhibit the progression of glucose intolerance during PD treatment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism*
  • Fasting / blood
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glucose Metabolism Disorders / blood*
  • Glucose Metabolism Disorders / epidemiology
  • Glucose Metabolism Disorders / etiology
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / blood
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Peritoneal Dialysis / adverse effects*
  • Poland / epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Blood Glucose