Partial trisomy of the pericentromeric region of chromosome 5 in a girl with binder phenotype

Abstract

The patient reported here displayed most characteristic features of Binder syndrome (OMIM: 155050), a rare maxillonasal malformation with unknown etiology. She was sent for genetic evaluation at the age of 10 years because of facial dysmorphism and borderline intellectual disability. Cytogenetic analyses showed a de novo supernumerary small ring chromosome with a pericentromeric region of chromosome 5 in all lymphocytes. Array painting revealed that the marker contains a 20,950-kb genomic region comprising cytogenetic band 5p14.1q11.1. Additionally, 7 reports have been published in the literature with partial trisomy of chromosome 5 overlapping with our case. These 8 cases were analyzed for phenotype/genotype correlation which suggested that the maxillonasal anomalies of Binder phenotype and trisomy of the pericentromeric region of chromosome 5 may be in causal relationship. Future functional annotation studies of genes localized in this genomic region should take this into consideration. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on a patient with association of a chromosome abnormality and clinical characteristics of Binder phenotype.