Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is still unknown if TB, like other infectious diseases contributes a poor prognosis in cirrhotic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of TB on the mortality of cirrhotic patients. National Health Insurance Database, derived from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program, was used to identify 434 cirrhotic patients with new diagnosis of TB between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2007. The comparison group consisted of 4340 selected cirrhotic patients without TB in the same period by propensity score matching analysis. The 30-day, 90-day, 1-year and 3-year mortalities were 10.1%, 24.2%, 43.1%, and 63% in the TB group, and 7.9%, 15.5%, 31.2%, and 53.4% in the non-TB group. After Cox proportional hazard regression model adjusted by the patients' gender, age, and comorbid disorders, the hazard ratios (HR) in cirrhotic patients with TB for 30-day, 30 to 90-day, 90-day to 1-year, and 1 to 3-year mortalities were 1.33 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-1.83], 1.91 (95% CI 1.45-2.51), 1.46 (95% CI 1.16-1.84), and 1.10 (95% CI 0.88-1.37), compared to the non-TB group. In conclusion, TB is a risk factor for the mortality of cirrhotic patients. The effect focused on the 30-day to 1-year after diagnosis of TB.