Antitumor activity in RAS-driven tumors by blocking AKT and MEK

Clin Cancer Res. 2015 Feb 15;21(4):739-48. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-1901. Epub 2014 Dec 16.

Abstract

Purpose: KRAS is the most commonly mutated oncogene in human tumors. KRAS-mutant cells may exhibit resistance to the allosteric MEK1/2 inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244; ARRY-142886) and allosteric AKT inhibitors (such as MK-2206), the combination of which may overcome resistance to both monotherapies.

Experimental design: We conducted a dose/schedule-finding study evaluating MK-2206 and selumetinib in patients with advanced treatment-refractory solid tumors. Recommended dosing schedules were defined as MK-2206 at 135 mg weekly and selumetinib at 100 mg once daily.

Results: Grade 3 rash was the most common dose-limiting toxicity (DLT); other DLTs included grade 4 lipase increase, grade 3 stomatitis, diarrhea, and fatigue, and grade 3 and grade 2 retinal pigment epithelium detachment. There were no meaningful pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions. Clinical antitumor activity included RECIST 1.0-confirmed partial responses in non-small cell lung cancer and low-grade ovarian carcinoma.

Conclusion: Responses in KRAS-mutant cancers were generally durable. Clinical cotargeting of MEK and AKT signaling may be an important therapeutic strategy in KRAS-driven human malignancies (Trial NCT number NCT01021748).

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects
  • Benzimidazoles / administration & dosage*
  • Benzimidazoles / adverse effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Female
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring / administration & dosage*
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Neoplasms / enzymology
  • Neoplasms / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
  • ras Proteins / genetics

Substances

  • AZD 6244
  • Benzimidazoles
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring
  • KRAS protein, human
  • MK 2206
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
  • ras Proteins

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01021748