Asian regions have been suffering from growing double burden of nutritional health problems, such as undernutrition and chronic diseases. National nutrition survey plays an essential role in helping to improve both national and global health and reduce health disparities. The aim of this review was to compile and present the information on current national nutrition surveys conducted in Asian countries and suggest relevant issues in implementation of national nutrition surveys. Fifteen countries in Asia have conducted national nutrition surveys to collect data on nutrition and health status of the population. The information on national nutrition survey of each country was obtained from government documents, international organizations, survey website of governmental agencies, and publications, including journal articles, books, reports, and brochures. The national nutrition survey of each country has different variables and procedures. Variables of the surveys include sociodemographic and lifestyle variables; foods and beverages intake, dietary habits, and food security of individual or household; and health indicators, such as anthropometric and biochemical variables. The surveys have focused on collecting data about nutritional health status in children aged under five years and women of reproductive ages, nutrition intake adequacy and prevalence of obesity and chronic diseases for all individuals. To measure nutrition and health status of Asian populations accurately, improvement of current dietary assessment methods with various diet evaluation tools is necessary. The information organized in this review is important for researchers, policy makers, public health program developers, educators, and consumers in improving national and global health.
亚洲地区现在正出现双重营养健康问题，比如营养不良和慢性疾病。全国营养 普查在帮助提高国家和全球健康水平和减少健康不平等至关重要的作用。本综 述的目的是整理和呈现当前亚洲各个国家中全国营养普查信息，并对全国营养 普查出现的一些问题提出建议。亚洲有15 个国家开展了全国性的营养普查来收 集人群营养健康状况资料。每个国家营养普查的资料来源于政府文件、国际组 织、政府机构的调查网站、一些出版物，包括发表在期刊的文章、书籍、报道 以及一些小册子等。各个国家营养普查有其不同变量和程序。普查的变量包 括，社会人口和生活方式、食物和饮料、饮食习惯和个人或家庭的食品保障； 还有一些健康指标方面的变量，比如人体测量指标和生化指标。调查主要侧重 于收集5 岁以下儿童和孕龄妇女的营养健康状况、个人的营养摄入是否充足、 肥胖以及慢性疾病的发病情况。为了精确测量亚洲人群的营养和健康状况，改 进目前的饮食评估方法与不同的饮食评估工具是必要的。本综述中收集整理的 信息对研究人员、政策制定者、公共卫生计划发展人员、教育学者以及消费者 在提高国家和全球健康状况方面都有重要意义。