Maintenance of parasympathetic inhibition following emotional induction in patients with restrictive type anorexia nervosa

Psychiatry Res. 2015 Feb 28;225(3):651-7. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.030. Epub 2014 Dec 3.

Abstract

This study aimed to explore changes in heart rate variability (HRV), a proxy for parasympathetic activity characterizing emotion regulation processes before, during and after negative emotional induction in patients suffering from restrictive type anorexia nervosa (AN-RT). We compared two methods of HRV analysis, the Fast Fourier Transform high frequency (FFT-HF) and a specific HRV high frequency analysis technique, namely, the wavelet transform HRV (WT-HRV). A sample of 16 inpatients with AN-RT was compared to 24 control participants. Heart rate (HR) was continuously recorded for 5 min before the beginning of the video until 5 min after the video. The participants answered questionnaires concerning their eating behaviors, mood disorders and difficulties in emotion regulation. During the entire procedure, the FFT-HF in patients was lower than that in controls. Using the WT-HRV, the patients did not differ from the controls at baseline, and only the controls showed a decrease during emotional induction. After the video, the WT-HRV in patients began to decrease during the first 2 min of emotional recovery although the WT-HRV in controls was already increased. These results highlighted the disturbances in the physiological dynamics of emotion regulation processes in patients with AN-RT.

Keywords: Anorexia nervosa; Emotion regulation; Heart rate variability; Parasympathetic activity.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Psychological / physiology
  • Adolescent
  • Anorexia Nervosa / physiopathology*
  • Anorexia Nervosa / psychology
  • Electrocardiography / statistics & numerical data
  • Emotional Intelligence / physiology
  • Emotions / physiology*
  • Female
  • Fourier Analysis
  • Heart Rate / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Neural Inhibition / physiology*
  • Parasympathetic Nervous System / physiopathology*
  • Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult