Synthesis of ortho-haloaminoarenes by aryne insertion of nitrogen-halide bonds

J Org Chem. 2015 Jan 16;80(2):1059-69. doi: 10.1021/jo502541t. Epub 2014 Dec 30.

Abstract

A rapid and general access to ortho-haloaminoarenes has been developed by aryne insertion into N-chloramine, N-bromoamine, and N-iodoamine bonds via two complementary protocols harnessing fluoride-promoted 1,2-elimination of ortho-trimethylsilyl aryltriflates. Typically, electron-deficient N-chloramines effectively react with aryne intermediates generated at elevated temperature with CsF, while less stable N-haloamines are found more efficient under milder, TBAF-mediated aryne formation at room temperature. Both protocols demonstrate a good level of regioselectivity and functional group tolerance. Efforts to elucidate the mechanism of N-X insertion are also discussed. The practical value of this transformation is highlighted by rapid synthesis of novel analogues of the antipsychotic cariprazine.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amines / chemical synthesis*
  • Amines / chemistry
  • Catalysis
  • Fluorides / chemistry*
  • Hydrocarbons, Halogenated / chemical synthesis*
  • Hydrocarbons, Halogenated / chemistry
  • Molecular Structure
  • Nitrogen / chemistry*
  • Phosphates / chemistry*
  • Piperazines / chemical synthesis*
  • Piperazines / chemistry
  • Stereoisomerism

Substances

  • Amines
  • Hydrocarbons, Halogenated
  • Phosphates
  • Piperazines
  • fluorophosphate
  • cariprazine
  • Nitrogen
  • Fluorides