Development of multimedia informational tools for breast cancer patients with low levels of health literacy

Abstract

Objective: To create informational tools for breast cancer patients with low levels of health literacy.

Methods: Tools were developed through a three-stage process. (1) Focus groups were conducted with breast cancer survivors and interviews were held with health educators to determine content, source of information, format and medium of the tools. (2) Based on this feedback, a suite of tools was developed. (3) Focus groups were reconvened and health educators re-interviewed to obtain feedback and determine satisfaction.

Results: We developed a suite of five informational tools using low health literacy principles, which focused on learning about breast cancer resources and learning about the members of one's healthcare team, understanding the "journey" or trajectory of care beginning at diagnosis, hearing from other breast cancer patients about their own journey, and becoming informed about what to expect pre-and post-surgery for breast cancer. The final products were rated highly by breast cancer survivors.

Conclusion: The developed materials, designed for patients who read below an 8th grade level, reflect the informational needs reported by breast cancer patients.

Practice implications: Healthcare providers must consider utilizing design principles and theories of adult learning appropriate for those with low health literacy.

Keywords: Breast cancer; Health literacy; Healthcare providers; Information; Tools.