Prolactin (PRL) is a polypeptide hormone/cytokine mainly synthesized by the lactotrophic cells of the adenohypophysis. In addition to the best-known role in mammary gland development and the functional differentiation of its epithelium, PRL is involved in regulation of multiple physiological processes in higher organisms contributing to their homeostasis. PRL has been also associated with pathology, including breast cancer. Therefore, it is relevant to determine the molecular mechanisms by which PRL controls cellular functions. Here, we analyze the role of Src family kinases (SFKs) in the intracellular signaling pathways controlled by PRL in several model systems. The data show that SFKs are essential components in transmitting signals upon PRL receptor stimulation, as they control activation of Jak2/Stat5 and other routes that regulate PRL cellular responses.