Aerostat-based sampling of emissions from open burning and open detonation of military ordnance

J Hazard Mater. 2015 Mar 2:284:108-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.029. Epub 2014 Oct 31.

Abstract

Emissions from open detonation (OD), open burning (OB), and static firing (SF) of obsolete military munitions were collected using an aerostat-lofted sampling instrument maneuvered into the plumes with remotely controlled tether winches. PM2.5, PM10, metals, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), energetics, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were characterized from 121 trials of three different munitions (Composition B (hereafter, "Comp B"), V453, V548), 152 trials of five different propellants (M31A1E1, M26, SPCF, Arc 451, 452A), and 12 trials with static firing of ammonium perchlorate-containing Sparrow rocket motors. Sampling was conducted with operational charge sizes and under open area conditions to determine emission levels representative of actual disposal practices. The successful application of the tethered aerostat and sampling instruments demonstrated the ability to sample for and determine the first ever emission factors for static firing of rocket motors and buried and metal-cased OD, as well as the first measurements of PM2.5 for OB and for surface OD.

Keywords: Emission factors; Munitions; Open burning; Open detonation; Static firing.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Air Pollutants / analysis
  • Air Pollution*
  • Environmental Monitoring / instrumentation
  • Environmental Pollutants / analysis
  • Explosions*
  • Fires*
  • Metals / chemistry
  • Military Personnel
  • Particulate Matter / analysis
  • Soil
  • Soil Pollutants / analysis*
  • Utah
  • Volatile Organic Compounds
  • Weapons*

Substances

  • Air Pollutants
  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Metals
  • Particulate Matter
  • Soil
  • Soil Pollutants
  • Volatile Organic Compounds