Identification of a potent antiandrogen that targets the BF3 site of the androgen receptor and inhibits enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer

Chem Biol. 2014 Nov 20;21(11):1476-85. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.09.012.

Abstract

There has been a resurgence of interest in the development of androgen receptor (AR) inhibitors with alternative modes of action to overcome the development of resistance to current therapies. We demonstrated previously that one promising strategy for combatting mutation-driven drug resistance is to target the Binding Function 3 (BF3) pocket of the receptor. Here we report the development of a potent BF3 inhibitor, 3-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-indole, which demonstrates excellent antiandrogen potency and anti-PSA activity and abrogates the androgen-induced proliferation of androgen-sensitive (LNCaP) and enzalutamide-resistant (MR49F) PCa cell lines. Moreover, this compound effectively reduces the expression of AR-dependent genes in PCa cells and effectively inhibits tumor growth in vivo in both LNCaP and MR49F xenograft models. These findings provide evidence that targeting the AR BF3 pocket represents a viable therapeutic approach to treat patients with advanced and/or resistant prostate cancer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Androgen Antagonists / chemistry*
  • Androgen Antagonists / pharmacology*
  • Androgen Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Animals
  • Benzamides
  • Binding Sites
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Indoles / chemistry*
  • Indoles / pharmacology*
  • Indoles / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Nitriles
  • Phenylthiohydantoin / analogs & derivatives
  • Phenylthiohydantoin / toxicity
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Receptors, Androgen / chemistry*
  • Receptors, Androgen / genetics
  • Receptors, Androgen / metabolism
  • Transplantation, Heterologous

Substances

  • 3-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-indole
  • Androgen Antagonists
  • Benzamides
  • Indoles
  • Nitriles
  • Receptors, Androgen
  • Phenylthiohydantoin
  • enzalutamide