Virus integration and genome influence in approaches to stem cell based therapy for andro-urology

Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2015 Mar:82-83:12-21. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.10.012. Epub 2014 Oct 18.

Abstract

Despite the potential of stem cells in cell-based therapy, major limitations such as cell retention, ingrowth, and trans-differentiation after implantation remain. One technique for genetic modification of cells for tissue repair is the introduction of specific genes using molecular biology techniques, such as virus integration, to provide a gene that adds new functions to enhance cellular function, and to secrete trophic factors for recruiting resident cells to participate in tissue repair. Stem cells can be labeled to track cell survival, migration, and lineage. Increasing evidence demonstrates that cell therapy and gene therapy in combination remarkably improve differentiation of implanted mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), revascularization, and innervation in genitourinary tissues, especially to treat urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, lower urinary tract reconstruction, and renal failure. This review discusses the benefits, safety, side effects, and alternatives for using genetically modified MSCs in tissue regeneration in andro-urology.

Keywords: Angiogenesis; Cell therapy; Erectile dysfunction; Gene therapy; Innervation; Skeletal muscle genesis; Stem cells; Urinary incontinence.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / methods*
  • Genetic Therapy / methods*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Male Urogenital Diseases / genetics*
  • Male Urogenital Diseases / therapy*
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation*
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • Urology / methods*
  • Virus Integration*