Removal of cadmium(II) from aqueous solutions by chemically modified maize straw

Hong Guo; Shufen Zhang; Zinong Kou; Shangru Zhai; Wei Ma; Yi Yang

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.041

Removal of cadmium(II) from aqueous solutions by chemically modified maize straw

Carbohydr Polym. 2015 Jan 22:115:177-85. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.041. Epub 2014 Aug 27.

Authors

Hong Guo¹, Shufen Zhang², Zinong Kou³, Shangru Zhai⁴, Wei Ma⁵, Yi Yang⁴

Affiliations

¹ State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
² State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. Electronic address: zhangshf@dlut.edu.cn.
³ Instrument Analysis Centre, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
⁴ Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
⁵ State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.

PMID: 25439883
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.041

Abstract

A new regenerable adsorbent was successfully prepared by modifying maize straw (MS) with succinic anhydride in xylene. The succinylated-maize straw (S-MS) was characterized by FTIR, solid-state MAS (13)C NMR spectroscopy, SEM-EDX and point of zero charge analysis. NaS-MS was successfully obtained after deprotonating the carboxylic acid groups of S-MS by Na2CO3 solution. Batch experiments were carried out with NaS-MS for the removal of Cd(II). The effects of pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial concentration and temperature were investigated. The experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir adsorption models. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS) were also calculated from data obtained from experiments performed to study the effect of temperatures. NaS-MS could be regenerated at least five times in saturated NaCl solution without any loss. Furthermore, ∼97% of adsorbed Cd(II) ions could be recovered as the metal oxide. Finally, the adsorption mechanism of NaS-MS was discussed.

Keywords: Adsorption; Cadmium; Maize straw; Succinylation.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adsorption
Cadmium / chemistry
Cadmium / isolation & purification*
Particle Size
Solutions
Succinic Anhydrides / chemistry*
Surface Properties
Thermodynamics
Water / chemistry*
Xylenes / chemistry*
Zea mays / chemistry*

Substances

Solutions
Succinic Anhydrides
Xylenes
Cadmium
Water
succinic anhydride