Cell-attached patch recordings were used to study calcium channels on the dendritic membrane of rat cerebellar Purkinje cells maintained in culture. Experiments were performed with isotonic BaCl2 (110 mM) in the pipette and isotonic potassium gluconate in the bath to zero the cell membrane potential. Two distinct types of voltage-activated calcium channels were identified. The first one had a small conductance (9 pS), was activated at a low threshold (congruent to -50 mV) and could be inactivated by holding the membrane potential at -30 mV. This channel had the same characteristics as the T channel described in other neuronal preparations. The second type of Ca channel activated at a high threshold (-30 or +10 mV depending on whether BAY K 8644 was added or not to the pipette solution) and was still activatable even when the membrane was held at -40 mV. In the presence of BAY K 8644 this channel had a conductance of 21 pS with long openings. All these characteristics are similar to those of the S (L) Ca channel described in many preparations. The present study is in agreement with our previous experiments on Purkinje dendrites, where we identified low and high threshold Ca currents using the whole-cell configuration. Up to now, no channel corresponding to the N current has been observed but we cannot exclude its presence.