1 Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA.
2 Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA.
3 Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: garret@upenn.edu.
Thaiss et al. report that the intestinal microbiota undergoes diurnal oscillation, which is controlled by host feeding time. Disruption of the host circadian clock induces dysbiosis, which is associated with host metabolic disorders.