Arterial elasticity in obese adolescents with clinical features of insulin resistance

Mandy Ho; Paul Z Benitez-Aguirre; Kim C Donaghue; Paul Mitchell; Louise A Baur; Alicia J Jenkins; Maria E Craig; Chris T Cowell; Sarah P Garnett

doi:10.1177/1479164114554610

Arterial elasticity in obese adolescents with clinical features of insulin resistance

Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2015 Jan;12(1):62-9. doi: 10.1177/1479164114554610. Epub 2014 Nov 7.

Authors

Mandy Ho¹, Paul Z Benitez-Aguirre¹, Kim C Donaghue², Paul Mitchell³, Louise A Baur⁴, Alicia J Jenkins⁵, Maria E Craig⁶, Chris T Cowell², Sarah P Garnett⁷

Affiliations

¹ Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
² Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
³ Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁴ Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁵ St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁶ Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁷ Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia sarah.garnett@health.nsw.gov.au.

PMID: 25381349
DOI: 10.1177/1479164114554610

Abstract

Objective: To determine whether arterial elasticity differs between obese adolescents with clinical insulin resistance (IR), type 1 diabetes (T1D) and healthy non-obese controls.

Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 69 adolescents with clinical IR, 91 with T1D and 63 age-matched (10- to 18-year-old) controls. Arterial elasticity was measured using radial tonometry pulse-wave analysis. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the determinants of the small and large arterial elasticity indices (SAEI and LAEI).

Results: SAEI and LAEI raw values were higher in the IR group than the controls, and these did not differ between the T1D and control groups. Weight and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significant predictors of SAEI. After adjustment for weight and DBP, SAEI decreased by 0.65 mL/mmHg × 100 for each 1-year increase in age in the IR group. SAEI was not different across the groups after controlling for weight and DBP. Height was the strongest predictor of LAEI which remained higher in the IR group after controlling for height and blood pressure.

Conclusion: Obese adolescents with clinical IR have a higher SAEI, which declines with age; this may reflect a pathway to an increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease.

Keywords: Arterial elasticity; RESIST; adolescents; insulin resistance; obesity; type 1 diabetes.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena*
Arteries / pathology
Arteries / physiopathology
Arterioles / pathology
Arterioles / physiopathology
Arteritis / etiology*
Body Mass Index
Child
Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / complications*
Diabetic Angiopathies / etiology*
Female
Humans
Insulin Resistance
Male
Obesity / complications
Obesity / metabolism
Obesity / pathology
Obesity / physiopathology*
Overweight / complications
Overweight / metabolism
Overweight / pathology
Overweight / physiopathology
Prediabetic State / complications*
Vascular Stiffness*