Trichodysplasia spinulosa: rare presentation of polyomavirus infection in immunocompromised patients

J Cutan Med Surg. 2014 Nov;18(6):430-5. doi: 10.2310/7750.2014.13189.

Abstract

Background: Trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS) is a rare, striking, folliculocentric papular eruption seen exclusively in immunosuppressed patients. The eruption can be disfiguring, associated with leonine faces and alopecia. TS is caused by a polyomavirus, identified as trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus (TSPyV). Few reports exist in the literature, and support for treatment options is sparse.

Method and results: We report a patient with TS with underlying lupus nephropathy and renal transplant-associated immunosuppression. Diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy and pathognomonic histologic findings in the context of her extensive, spiculated monomorphous papules. With a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis, oral valganciclovir was prescribed, and the patient showed marked skin texture improvement and hair regrowth.

Conclusion: The continued reporting of cases of TS will improve clinical identification of this condition and provide better information regarding treatment and long-term consequences.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Facial Dermatoses / virology*
  • Female
  • Hair Diseases / virology*
  • Hair Follicle
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppression Therapy / adverse effects*
  • Kidney Transplantation
  • Lupus Nephritis / complications
  • Lupus Nephritis / surgery
  • Polyomavirus Infections / complications*
  • Polyomavirus Infections / diagnosis
  • Polyomavirus Infections / drug therapy