Abstract
Background:
Carnosic acid (CA), a major bioactive component of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) leaves, is known to possess antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities. In this study it was hypothesized that CA would ameliorate obesity-induced glucose intolerence and hepatic fat accumulation, and possible mechanisms are suggested.
Results:
It was observed that a 0.02% (w/w) CA diet effectively decreased body weight, liver weight and blood triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol levels (P < 0.05) compared with the control diet. CA at 0.02% significantly improved glucose tolerance, and hepatic TG accumulation was reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Hepatic lipogenic-related gene (L-FABP, SCD1 and FAS) expression decreased whereas lipolysis-related gene (CPT1) expression increased in animals fed the 0.02% CA diet (P < 0.05). Long-chain fatty acid content and the ratio of C18:1/C18:0 fatty acids were decreased in adipose tissue of animals fed the 0.02% CA diet (P < 0.05). Serum inflammatory mediators were also decreased significantly in animals fed the 0.02% CA diet compared with those of the obese control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion:
These results suggest that CA is an effective anti-obesity agent that regulates fatty acid metabolism in C57BL/6J-ob/ob mice.
Keywords:
Rosmarinus officinalis; carnosic acid; fatty acid; glucose tolerance; obesity.
© 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
Publication types
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Comparative Study
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Abietanes / administration & dosage
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Abietanes / therapeutic use*
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Animals
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Anti-Obesity Agents / administration & dosage
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Anti-Obesity Agents / therapeutic use*
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Antioxidants / administration & dosage
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Antioxidants / therapeutic use
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Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / chemistry
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Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / genetics
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Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / metabolism
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Dietary Supplements*
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Fatty Acid Synthases / antagonists & inhibitors
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Fatty Acid Synthases / genetics
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Fatty Acid Synthases / metabolism
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Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
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Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / genetics
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Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / metabolism
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Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic*
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Glucose Intolerance / etiology
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Glucose Intolerance / prevention & control*
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Hyperlipidemias / etiology
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Hyperlipidemias / prevention & control
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Liver / enzymology
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Liver / metabolism
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Liver / pathology
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Male
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Mice, Mutant Strains
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Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / etiology
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Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / prevention & control*
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Obesity / diet therapy*
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Obesity / metabolism
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Obesity / pathology
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Obesity / physiopathology
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Organ Size
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Plant Extracts / administration & dosage
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Plant Extracts / therapeutic use*
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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / antagonists & inhibitors
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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / genetics
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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / metabolism
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Weight Loss
Substances
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Abietanes
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Anti-Obesity Agents
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Antioxidants
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Fabp1 protein, mouse
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Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins
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Plant Extracts
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Scd1 protein, mouse
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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase
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Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
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Fatty Acid Synthases
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salvin