Abstract
Grateloupia lanceolata is a red alga native to coastal areas of East Asia. In this study, extract from G. lanceolata (EGL) was investigated for suppressive effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages. EGL was found to have anti-inflammatory properties with the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and MAPK signaling in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, treatment of RAW 264.7 macrophage with EGL inhibited LPS-induced IL-1β production in a dose-dependent manner. These inhibitory effects were found with the blockage of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), extracellular signal regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), and also c-Jun N-terminal kinases 1 and 2 (JNK1/2). These results indicated that anti-inflammatory actions of EGL in RAW 264.7 macrophages involved in the inhibition of LPS-induced p38MAPK/ERK/JNK signaling pathways. In addition, our findings suggest that EGL holds great promise for use in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / chemistry
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
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Cell Line
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Gene Expression Regulation
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Interleukin-1beta / antagonists & inhibitors
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Interleukin-1beta / genetics
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Interleukin-1beta / metabolism
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Lipopolysaccharides / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
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Macrophages / cytology
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Macrophages / drug effects*
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Macrophages / metabolism
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Mice
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / genetics
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / metabolism
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / genetics
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / metabolism
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 / genetics
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 / metabolism
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9 / genetics
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9 / metabolism
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Nitric Oxide / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis
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Plant Extracts / chemistry
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Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
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Rhodophyta / chemistry*
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Signal Transduction
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
Substances
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Interleukin-1beta
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Lipopolysaccharides
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Plant Extracts
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Nitric Oxide
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases