Chemopreventive and Anticancer Activities of Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum Extracts

Hyun-Jeong Kim; Min Jeong Park; Hee-Juhn Park; Won-Yoon Chung; Ki-Rim Kim; Kwang-Kyun Park

doi:10.15430/JCP.2014.19.3.179

Chemopreventive and Anticancer Activities of Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum Extracts

J Cancer Prev. 2014 Sep;19(3):179-86. doi: 10.15430/JCP.2014.19.3.179.

Authors

Hyun-Jeong Kim¹, Min Jeong Park¹, Hee-Juhn Park², Won-Yoon Chung¹, Ki-Rim Kim³, Kwang-Kyun Park¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Oral Biology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, BK21 PLUS project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
² Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea.
³ Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea.

Abstract

Background: Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum is an edible perennial herb and has been used as a vegetable or as a Korean traditional medicine. Allium species have received much attention owing to their diverse pharmacological properties, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. However, A. victorialis var. platyphyllum needs more study.

Methods: The chemopreventive potential of A. victorialis var. platyphyllum methanol extracts was examined by measuring 12-O-tetra-decanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced superoxide anion production in the differentiated HL-60 cells, TPA-induced mouse ear edema, and Ames/Salmonella mutagenicity. The apoptosis-inducing capabilities of the extracts were evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, and the DNA fragmentation assay in human colon cancer HT-29 cells. Antimetastatic activities of the extracts were also investigated in an experimental mouse lung metastasis model.

Results: The methanol extracts of A. victorialis var. platyphyllum rhizome (AVP-R) and A. victorialis var. platyphyllum stem (AVP-S) dose-dependently inhibited the TPA-induced generation of superoxide anion in HL-60 cells and TPA-induced ear edema in mice, as well as 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) -induced bacterial mutagenesis. AVP-R and AVP-S reduced cell viability in a dose-related manner and induced apoptotic morphological changes and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in HT-29 cells. In the experimental mouse lung metastasis model, the formation of tumor nodules in lung tissue was significantly inhibited by the treatment of the extracts.

Conclusions: AVP-R and AVP-S possess antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, proapoptotic, and antimetastatic activities. Therefore, these extracts can serve as a beneficial supplement for the prevention and treatment of cancer.

Keywords: Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum; Anti-inflammation; Anti-metastatic activity; Anti-mutagenicity; Induction of apoptosis.