Determined about sex: sex-testing in 45 primate species using a 2Y/1X sex-typing assay

Forensic Sci Int Genet. 2015 Jan:14:96-107. doi: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2014.09.010. Epub 2014 Sep 22.

Abstract

Sex-testing using molecular genetic technique is routinely used in the fields of forensics, population genetics and conservation biology. However, none of the assay used so far allows a non-ambiguous and successful sex determination for human and non-human primate species. The most widely used method, AMELY/X, and its alternatives suffer from a set of drawbacks in humans and can rarely be used in New World primate species. Here, we designed a new sex-typing assay using a multiplexed PCR amplification of UTX and UTY-homologous loci and combined male-specific SRY locus. This method was successfully tested on 1048 samples, including 82 non-human primates from 45 Anthropoidea and Lemuriformes species and 966 human samples from 24 populations (Africans, Europeans, and South Americans). This sex-typing method is applicable across all primate species tested from Hominoidea to Indriidae, and also on various populations with different background origins; it represents a robust and cheap sex-typing assay to be used both by the anthropologist and primatologist communities.

Keywords: Multiplex PCR; Primates; SRY; Sex-typing; UTX/UTY.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • DNA / genetics
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Primates / classification
  • Primates / genetics*
  • Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
  • Sex Determination Processes*
  • X Chromosome*
  • Y Chromosome*

Substances

  • DNA