Introduction: The aim of the present study was to systematically analyze the protocols that have been used in regenerative endodontic therapy and to detect any variations in clinical procedures.
Methods: An electronic search was executed in PubMed using appropriate Medical Subject Heading terms covering the period from January 1993 to May 2014. Additional publications from hand searching and the reference section of each relevant article enriched the article list. The relevance of each article was initially evaluated by scanning all titles and corresponding abstracts. The definite inclusion of each article in the study was determined by using specific criteria applied independently by 3 reviewers.
Results: Sixty relevant publications were finally included. The canal walls were not mechanically instrumented in 68% of the clinical articles. Sodium hypochlorite was included in 97% of the clinical studies either as the only irrigant or in combination with other irrigants. Antibiotic combination paste was used as the intracanal medicament in 80% of the clinical articles. Sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, and EDTA were used in the final irrigation protocol in 75%, 4%, and 13% of the clinical studies, respectively. Neither the creation of a blood clot nor the use of platelet-rich plasma/platelet-rich fibrin was described in 13% of the clinical articles. Mineral trioxide aggregate was used as an intracanal coronal barrier in 85% of the relevant clinical studies.
Conclusions: The variability of the clinical protocols applied during regenerative enododontic procedures is considerably high. A thorough analysis of regenerative protocols may constitute an additional source to provide useful clinical considerations for REPs.
Keywords: Blood clot; mineral trioxide aggregate; regenerative endodontics; triple antibiotic paste.
Copyright © 2015 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.