Activated carbon enhanced ozonation of oxalate attributed to HO oxidation in bulk solution and surface oxidation: effect of activated carbon dosage and pH

Linlin Xing; Yongbing Xie; Daisuke Minakata; Hongbin Cao; Jiadong Xiao; Yi Zhang; John C Crittenden

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2014.08.009

Activated carbon enhanced ozonation of oxalate attributed to HO oxidation in bulk solution and surface oxidation: effect of activated carbon dosage and pH

J Environ Sci (China). 2014 Oct 1;26(10):2095-105. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.08.009. Epub 2014 Aug 11.

Authors

Linlin Xing¹, Yongbing Xie², Daisuke Minakata³, Hongbin Cao⁴, Jiadong Xiao⁵, Yi Zhang⁶, John C Crittenden⁷

Affiliations

¹ National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Beijing 100190, China; Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address: xingll@126.com.
² National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Beijing 100190, China; Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control, Beijing 100190, China. Electronic address: ybxie@ipe.ac.cn.
³ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, United States.
⁴ National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Beijing 100190, China; Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control, Beijing 100190, China. Electronic address: hbcao@ipe.ac.cn.
⁵ National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Beijing 100190, China; Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
⁶ National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Beijing 100190, China; Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control, Beijing 100190, China.
⁷ School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States.

PMID: 25288554
DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.08.009

Abstract

Ozonation of oxalate in aqueous phase was performed with a commercial activated carbon (AC) in this work. The effect of AC dosage and solution pH on the contribution of hydroxyl radicals (HO) in bulk solution and oxidation on the AC surface to the removal of oxalate was studied. We found that the removal of oxalate was reduced by tert-butyl alcohol (tBA) with low dosages of AC, while it was hardly affected by tBA when the AC dosage was greater than 0.3g/L. tBA also inhibited ozone decomposition when the AC dosage was no more than 0.05g/L, but it did not work when the AC dosage was no less than 0.1g/L. These observations indicate that HO in bulk solution and oxidation on the AC surface both contribute to the removal of oxalate. HO oxidation in bulk solution is significant when the dosage of AC is low, whereas surface oxidation is dominant when the dosage of AC is high. The oxalate removal decreased with increasing pH of the solution with an AC dosage of 0.5g/L. The degradation of oxalate occurs mainly through surface oxidation in acid and neutral solution, but through HO oxidation in basic bulk solution. A mechanism involving both HO oxidation in bulk solution and surface oxidation was proposed for AC enhanced ozonation of oxalate.

Keywords: Activated carbon; Catalytic ozonation; Hydroxyl radicals; Oxalate; Ozonation; Surface oxidation.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Carbon / chemistry*
Hydrogen Peroxide / chemistry
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Hydroxyl Radical / chemistry*
Oxalates / chemistry*
Oxidation-Reduction
Ozone / chemistry*

Substances

Oxalates
Hydroxyl Radical
Ozone
Carbon
Hydrogen Peroxide