Clinical manifestations and longterm outcome for patients with Takayasu arteritis in China

J Rheumatol. 2014 Dec;41(12):2439-46. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.140664. Epub 2014 Oct 1.

Abstract

Objective: To describe a large cohort of patients with Takayasu arteritis in China.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 566 patients hospitalized in Fuwai Hospital between 2002 and 2013. Data collected were clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, angiographic features, treatment, and longterm outcome.

Results: The female to male ratio was 3.8 to 1, and the mean age of onset was 28.9 ± 12.0 years. The most common inflammatory symptom, initial symptom, and coexisting disease were fever (52, 9.2%), dizziness (214, 37.8%), and hypertension (HTN; 392, 69.3%), respectively. Pulmonary artery, coronary artery involvement, and aortic regurgitation were found in 83 (14.7%), 66 (11.7%), and 181 (36.7%) patients, respectively. Elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was observed in 131 patients (23.1%). Treatment included drugs, interventional therapy, autologous blood vessel transplant, artificial blood vessel transplant, and aortic valve replacement. During a mean followup of 5.0 ± 0.2 years, 32 patients died, including 1 patient who died suddenly during coronary angiography. HTN, major complications, and a progressive disease course were significant prognostic markers.

Conclusion: HTN, rather than fever, is the leading reason for patients with Takayasu arteritis to see a doctor in China. HTN, major complications, and a progressive disease course are statistically significant predictors of survival. Because of cardiovascular events associated with the disease, early diagnosis and treatment are urgent to improve prognosis.

Keywords: ANGIOGRAPHY; CORONARY ARTERY; PULMONARY ARTERY; RENAL ARTERY; TAKAYASU ARTERITIS.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • China / epidemiology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Comorbidity
  • Dizziness / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Fever / epidemiology*
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / epidemiology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Takayasu Arteritis / diagnosis*
  • Takayasu Arteritis / epidemiology*
  • Takayasu Arteritis / mortality
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult