Substituent-modulated affinities of halobenzene derivatives to the HIV-1 integrase recognition site. Analyses of the interaction energies by parallel quantum chemical and polarizable molecular mechanics

J Phys Chem A. 2014 Oct 16;118(41):9772-82. doi: 10.1021/jp5079899. Epub 2014 Oct 6.

Abstract

The C-X bond of halobenzenes (X = Cl, Br) has a dual character, its electron density being depleted in its prolongation and built-up on its sides. We have recently considered three protein or nucleic acid recognition sites of halobenzenes and quantified the energy gains that either electron-attracting substituents or electron-donating ones contribute due to such a character (El Hage et al., paper in revision). Nonadditivity was found to impact the total interaction energies. We focus here on one recognition site, that of the HIV-1 integrase, in which the halobenzene ring of the drug elvitegravir is sandwiched between a guanine and a cytosine base. We perform energy-decomposition analyses of the ab initio quantum-chemistry (QC) binding energies of the parent halobenzene ring and its derivatives with this G-C base pair. In these complexes, the nonadditivity of ΔE could be traced back mostly to the polarization contribution Epol. In view of large-scale applications to the entirety of the complex formed between the integrase, the viral DNA, and the whole drug, the analyses were performed in parallel with a polarizable molecular mechanics method, SIBFA. This method could faithfully reproduce most features of the QC energies. This is due to its use of QC-derived distributed multipoles and polarizabilities, which enable us to account for both nonisotropy and nonadditivity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Benzene Derivatives / chemistry*
  • Computer Simulation
  • Cytosine / chemistry
  • DNA / chemistry
  • Electrons
  • Guanine / chemistry
  • HIV Integrase / chemistry*
  • HIV Integrase / genetics
  • Hydrogen Bonding
  • Models, Chemical
  • Models, Molecular
  • Quantum Theory
  • Quinolones / chemistry*
  • Static Electricity

Substances

  • Benzene Derivatives
  • Quinolones
  • elvitegravir
  • Guanine
  • Cytosine
  • DNA
  • HIV Integrase
  • p31 integrase protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1