Additional strange hadrons from QCD thermodynamics and strangeness freezeout in heavy ion collisions

A Bazavov; H-T Ding; P Hegde; O Kaczmarek; F Karsch; E Laermann; Y Maezawa; Swagato Mukherjee; H Ohno; P Petreczky; C Schmidt; S Sharma; W Soeldner; M Wagner

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.072001

Additional strange hadrons from QCD thermodynamics and strangeness freezeout in heavy ion collisions

Phys Rev Lett. 2014 Aug 15;113(7):072001. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.072001. Epub 2014 Aug 11.

Authors

A Bazavov¹, H-T Ding², P Hegde², O Kaczmarek³, F Karsch⁴, E Laermann³, Y Maezawa³, Swagato Mukherjee⁵, H Ohno⁶, P Petreczky⁵, C Schmidt³, S Sharma³, W Soeldner⁷, M Wagner⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52240, USA.
² Key Laboratory of Quark & Lepton Physics (MOE) and Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
³ Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
⁴ Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany and Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
⁵ Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
⁶ Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA and Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
⁷ Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
⁸ Physics Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.

PMID: 25170700
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.072001

Abstract

We compare lattice QCD results for appropriate combinations of net strangeness fluctuations and their correlations with net baryon number fluctuations with predictions from two hadron resonance gas (HRG) models having different strange hadron content. The conventionally used HRG model based on experimentally established strange hadrons fails to describe the lattice QCD results in the hadronic phase close to the QCD crossover. Supplementing the conventional HRG with additional, experimentally uncharted strange hadrons predicted by quark model calculations and observed in lattice QCD spectrum calculations leads to good descriptions of strange hadron thermodynamics below the QCD crossover. We show that the thermodynamic presence of these additional states gets imprinted in the yields of the ground-state strange hadrons leading to a systematic 5-8 MeV decrease of the chemical freeze-out temperatures of ground-state strange baryons.