Although acute aortic occlusion (AAO) and acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) are relatively rare condition, it is very important to know clinical features and managements for these because a delay in diagnosis and appropriate interventions results in high morbidity and mortality. AAO can result from aortic saddle embolus, acute thrombosis of an atherosclerotic aorta, and so on. Superior mesenteric artery embolism and thrombosis are main cause of AMI. The purpose of this article is to review the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of these diseases. The latest information in this article may help readers to promptly make the diagnosis and effectively manage it in a timely manner.