Positive or negative fructose breath test results do not predict response to fructose restricted diet in children with recurrent abdominal pain: results from a prospective randomized trial

Klin Padiatr. 2014 Sep;226(5):268-73. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1383653. Epub 2014 Aug 25.

Abstract

Objectives: To perform a prospective, blinded, randomized interventional trial in patients with recurrent abdominal pain. The primary endpoint was to determine the abdominal pain intensity after 2 weeks of fructose restricted diet. Secondary endpoints were changes of pain frequency and a secondary symptom score (SSS).

Methods: 103 individuals with recurrent abdominal pain for more than 3 months were randomized. 51 patients were allocated to group A (diet) and 52 to group B (no diet). 2 weeks later the patients underwent hydrogen breath test and were assigned to the test positive or negative group to identify patients with fructose malabsorption.

Results: 2 weeks after intervention the pain score decreased significantly from a median 5.5 in group A to 4 and did not change significantly in group B (5.3 to 5). In group A both patients with positive and negative breath tests had a significant lower pain score (-2 and -1.75, respectively). Frequency of abdominal pain decreased in both groups but without significant difference, SSS improved only in group A from median 6 to 3.5. Positive breath test was no predicting factor, neither was abdominal pain during the test.

Conclusions: Fructose restricted diet in children and adolescents with recurrent abdominal pain may be of benefit to improve both abdominal pain symptoms and other secondary symptoms. Since a negative breath test result does not exclude a positive response to fructose restriction, the hydrogen breath test does not seem to be the appropriate diagnostic mean to predict the response to the diet.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Abdominal Pain / diet therapy*
  • Abdominal Pain / etiology*
  • Adolescent
  • Breath Tests / methods*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted*
  • Female
  • Fructose / administration & dosage*
  • Fructose / adverse effects*
  • Fructose Intolerance / diagnosis*
  • Fructose Intolerance / diet therapy*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pain Measurement
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies

Substances

  • Fructose