Clinical and endoscopic characteristics of drug-induced esophagitis

World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Aug 21;20(31):10994-9. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i31.10994.

Abstract

Aim: To investigate clinical, endoscopic and pathological characteristics of drug-induced esophagitis.

Methods: Data for patients diagnosed with drug-induced esophagitis from April 2002 to May 2013 was reviewed. Patients diagnosed with malignancy, viral or fungal esophagitis were excluded. Clinical, endoscopic and pathological characteristics of patients diagnosed with drug-induced esophagitis were analyzed.

Results: Seventy-eight patients were diagnosed with drug-induced esophagitis. Their mean age was 43.9 ± 18.9 years and 35.9% were male. Common symptoms were chest pain (71.8%), odynophagia (38.5%) and dysphagia (29.5%). The endoscopic location was in the middle third of esophagus in 78.2%. Endoscopic findings were ulcer (82.1%), erosion (17.9%), ulcer with bleeding (24.4%), coating with drug material (5.1%), impacted pill fragments (3.8%) and stricture (2.6%). Kissing ulcers were observed in 43.6%. The main causative agents were antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. All the patients were treated with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or sucralfate, and the causative drugs were discontinued. Nineteen patients with drug-induced esophagitis were followed up with endoscopy and revealed normal findings, scars or healing ulcers.

Conclusion: Drug-induced esophagitis mainly presents as chest pain, odynophagia and dysphagia, and may be successfully treated with PPIs and discontinuation of the causative drug. Kissing ulcers were observed in 43.6%.

Keywords: Drug; Endoscopy; Esophagitis; Kissing ulcers; Pathology; Symptoms.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects*
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / adverse effects*
  • Anti-Ulcer Agents / therapeutic use
  • Chest Pain / chemically induced
  • Deglutition Disorders / chemically induced
  • Esophageal Stenosis / chemically induced
  • Esophageal Stenosis / pathology
  • Esophagitis / chemically induced*
  • Esophagitis / drug therapy
  • Esophagitis / pathology*
  • Esophagoscopy*
  • Esophagus / drug effects*
  • Esophagus / pathology*
  • Female
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / chemically induced
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / pathology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Republic of Korea
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sucralfate / therapeutic use
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ulcer / chemically induced
  • Ulcer / pathology
  • Wound Healing
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Anti-Ulcer Agents
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors
  • Sucralfate