Detection of antibodies against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in serum and colostrum by indirect ELISA

Priscilla F Gerber; Qiaoling Gong; Yao-Wei Huang; Chong Wang; Derald Holtkamp; Tanja Opriessnig

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.07.018

Detection of antibodies against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in serum and colostrum by indirect ELISA

Vet J. 2014 Oct;202(1):33-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.07.018. Epub 2014 Jul 24.

Authors

Priscilla F Gerber¹, Qiaoling Gong¹, Yao-Wei Huang², Chong Wang¹, Derald Holtkamp¹, Tanja Opriessnig³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
² Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
³ Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA; The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, UK. Electronic address: tanja.opriessnig@roslin.ed.ac.uk.

Abstract

An indirect porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) anti-immunoglobulin (Ig) G ELISA based on the S1 portion of the spike protein was validated and compared with an indirect immunofluorescence assay. In serum samples from experimentally infected pigs (n = 35), anti-IgG PEDV antibodies were detected as early as 7 days post-infection. In field serum samples (n = 239), the diagnostic sensitivity of the S1 ELISA was 100% and the diagnostic specificity was 94%. The S1 ELISA showed no cross-reactivity with antibodies against other porcine coronaviruses. Colostrum samples (n = 133) were also tested for anti-PEDV IgG and IgA. The diagnostic sensitivity was 92% for IgG and 100% for IgA, and the diagnostic specificity was 90% for IgG and 99.4% for IgA. These data suggest that the S1 ELISA is a sensitive and specific test that could also be used to evaluate PEDV colostral immunity.

Keywords: Diagnosis; ELISA; Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus; S1 protein; Serology.

MeSH terms

Animals
Antibodies, Viral / blood*
Colostrum / chemistry*
Coronavirus Infections / blood
Coronavirus Infections / immunology
Coronavirus Infections / veterinary*
Coronavirus Infections / virology
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / methods
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / veterinary*
Female
Immunoglobulin G / blood
Immunoglobulin M / blood
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus / immunology*
Sensitivity and Specificity
Swine
Swine Diseases / blood
Swine Diseases / immunology
Swine Diseases / virology*

Substances

Antibodies, Viral
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin M