Perioperative physiology and pharmacology in the obese small animal patient

Abstract

Objective: To review the available literature concerning the physiologic and pharmacologic alterations induced by obesity in canine and feline patients and their relevance to perioperative care.

Study design: Literature review.

Databases: PubMed, CAB, Web of Science.

Conclusions: Obesity of cats and dogs is a chronic inflammatory condition that is increasingly prevalent. Similar to the situation in humans, small animal obesity may be associated with changes in endocrine, respiratory, and cardiovascular function. In addition, alteration of body composition in obesity can affect pharmacokinetic variables. Modifications in perioperative care may need to be made for obese dogs and cats, including attention to respiratory and cardiovascular supportive care and drug dose adjustments.

Keywords: anesthesia; cats; dogs; obesity; perioperative care.