Ultraviolet A irradiation increases the permeation of fullerenes into human and porcine skin from C₆₀-poly(vinylpyrrolidone) aggregate dispersions

Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2015;28(1):22-30. doi: 10.1159/000362175. Epub 2014 Jul 31.

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of this study was to characterise C₆₀-poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) dispersions, to analyse the cutaneous absorption of fullerenes as well as to evaluate whether UVA radiation (UVA-R) could modify its permeation profile.

Methods: Dispersions were characterised according to their pH, particle size, zeta potential, and morphology. Skin absorption studies were performed using porcine or human skin under UVA or sham irradiation.

Results: The C₆₀ aggregate size was 129 ± 54 nm (as determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis) and the zeta potential was -4.93 ± 1.72 mV. The C₆₀ aggregates presented an irregular shape (as measured by transmission electron microscopy) and permeated through human and porcine skin.

Conclusions: C₆₀-PVP aggregates were adequately characterised. Human skin was less permeable than porcine skin, and the presence of UVA-R increased the C₆₀ content up to the dermis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Female
  • Fullerenes / chemistry
  • Fullerenes / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Particle Size
  • Povidone / chemistry
  • Povidone / pharmacology*
  • Skin / metabolism
  • Skin / radiation effects*
  • Skin Absorption / radiation effects*
  • Swine
  • Ultraviolet Rays*

Substances

  • Fullerenes
  • Povidone
  • fullerene C60