Aim: To determine the influence of independent predictors (nuclear grade, patient’s general condition, tumor size) on survival of patients suffering from renal cancer.
Methods: The study included 158 patients treated for renal parenchymal carcinoma in the period between 01. 01. 1998 and 31. 12. 2011. The patients' general condition was evaluated using the ECOG staging system. Nuclear grade (NG) was assessed by the Fuhrman criteria. Prognostic factors were tested applying the Cox regression analysis and based on the significance independent predictors were determined.
Results: The total survival rate of patients with renal parenchymal carcinoma was 81.2% after one year, 77.6% after 5 years and 70.4% after 10 years. In patients with NG 1 the survival rate after 5 years was 100%, whereas the survival in patients with NG2, 3 and 4 was 98%, 48% and 0%, respectively. The survival rate in patients with ECOG 0 and 1 after 5 years was 100%, while in patients with ECOG 2 and 3 stage of the disease the survival rate was 68% and 25%, respectively. In patients with a tumor node less than 40 mm, ten-year survival rate was100%, whereas the ten-year survival rate in patients with the tumor node sized 40 to 70 mm was 87%, and in patients with the tumor node over 70 mm ten-year survival rate was 66%.
Conclusion: Multivariate analysis has established that the size of the tumor node, patient's general condition and nuclear grade are independent predictors of disease outcome.