Pronator teres transfer for forearm and wrist deformity in cerebral palsy children

J Pediatr Orthop. 2015 Jun;35(4):412-8. doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000000276.

Abstract

Background: Forearm pronation and wrist flexion contracture can be a disability for daily living care and 2-hand function in cerebral palsy (CP) children. It may be beneficial to improve their posture and hand-grip power for better functional outcome. The purpose of our study was to investigate the outcome of pronator transfer in CP children.

Methods: Seventeen spastic CP patients (14 hemiplegic, 3 diplegic; 14 male, 3 female; mean age, 12 y 5 mo) underwent pronator teres transfer for forearm pronation and wrist flexion contractures. The mean follow-up period was 46 months. We recorded Gross Motor Function Classification System level, modified Ashworth scale, forearm and wrist range of motion, forearm resting position, grip power, and 3 basic daily living skills preoperatively and postoperatively. Paired t test was used for statistical analysis.

Results: The average forearm active supination gained 80.9 degrees (P<0.05) and the active forearm pronation lost 22 degrees (P<0.05), with average postoperative total active forearm range of motion 130.9 degrees (P<0.05). The average active wrist extension gained 76.9 degrees (P<0.05) and the active wrist flexion lost 31.8 degrees (P<0.05). The average grip power gained 4.5 kg (P<0.05). The average forearm resting position improved to 10 degrees pronation (P<0.05). The basic daily living skills showed great improvement.

Conclusions: Our procedure improved the functional outcome in wrist extension and decreased the forearm pronation. Therefore, significant grip-strength enhancement and better forearm posture was noted. It is an additional armamentarium in the management of upper extremity disability in CP children.

Level of evidence: Level IV-case series.

MeSH terms

  • Cerebral Palsy* / complications
  • Cerebral Palsy* / physiopathology
  • Child
  • Contracture* / diagnosis
  • Contracture* / etiology
  • Contracture* / surgery
  • Female
  • Forearm* / pathology
  • Forearm* / physiopathology
  • Hand Strength
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Muscle, Skeletal / surgery*
  • Postoperative Period
  • Range of Motion, Articular
  • Recovery of Function
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Taiwan
  • Tissue Transplantation / methods*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Wrist* / pathology
  • Wrist* / physiopathology